India is known for its rich tradition of handicrafts, and in Telangana, the town of Nirmal stands out for its delicate wood toys and vibrant art. During the Nizam’s rule in Hyderabad, Nirmal became a hub of ammunition for the Nizam’s army, while the Naqash craftsmen created mastery of Nirmal Toys and Nirmal Art. These artisans, originally from Rajasthan, brought their wooden toy-making skills to Nirmal in the 17th century, transforming local softwood into elegant toys adorned with enamel colours. The legacy of the Hyderabad Nizam significantly influenced the flourishing of this craft, ensuring that Nirmal Art continues to be captivated by its intricate designs and cultural significance. Today, Nirmal Toys stands as a testament to the enduring artistic spirit and creativity that defines India’s diverse cultural landscape.

Craftsmanship of Nirmal Toys

Nirmal craftsmen are masters at creating intricate wooden toys from local softwood like pohiri or white sanders. What truly sets these toys apart is the vibrant colors, achieved through natural herbal dyes from vegetables and plants, with occasional golden accents that add an extra touch of beauty. The craftsmanship involves three main steps: carving and shaping the wood, smoothing it with a mixture called Chinta Lappam (made from sawdust, tamarind seeds, and white clay), and finally, dyeing the toys. While traditional herbal dyes were used, today’s toys often feature rich oil colors. The designs are inspired by animals, nature, Telugu mythology, and regional folklore, making these toys not just for playtime but it also reflect the region’s cultural heritage.

Let’s take a look at some iconic Nirmal Toys:

Authentic Elephant

This charming elephant toy stands sturdily on four legs, with an upward-curled trunk. Painted in a soft grey with subtle pink shading, it brings a gentle vibrancy to the piece. The finely detailed black lines on the ears and the regal white toenails enhanced its artistic allure. This exquisite piece perfectly captures the distinctive artistry of Nirmal artisans.

Horse

This exquisite figurine captures the elegance of a standing horse, featuring a delicate pink hue complemented by a richly detailed golden mane and tail. The subtle grey hooves provide a striking contrast, enhancing the overall colour palette. This piece is a stunning example of Nirmal craftsmanship, showcasing refined artistry and timeless charm.

Angry Tiger

This meticulously crafted wooden tiger toy captures its majestic and fierce essence with striking detail. The bold yellow base, accented with distinct black stripes, adds to its commanding presence. Facial expression, features angry eyes and an open-mouthed roar, highlights the artisan’s exceptional attention to detail and the distinctive charm of Nirmal craftsmanship.

Peacock

This toy is made from lightweight yet durable wood, coated with a special primer to ensure its longevity. The body of the peacock is painted a vivid blue, while its feathers are meticulously detailed in green with intricate patterns. This handcrafted toy captures the elegance and beauty of nature, reflecting the incredible skill of the artisans. The Nirmal peacock toy is more than just a plaything; it’s a symbol of India’s cultural opulence.

Nirmal Miniature Toy

This toy beautifully depicts a traditional village scene with miniature figures of villagers, palm trees, huts, and wells, capturing the authentic essence of rural life. Painted with vibrant, traditional colours, the figures are intricately detailed with expressive facial features, realistic clothing patterns, and elements that evoke a natural vibe. The artist skillfully applied multiple layers of paint to add depth and create a three-dimensional effect.

Festival Flair with Nirmal Toys

During festivals like Dussehra and Diwali, Nirmal toys shine as festive favourites, often featured in the traditional Bommala Koluvu—a display of dolls and toys that captivates both children and adults. At Sankranti, a harvest festival celebrated in Telangana and other South Indian states, Nirmal toys come to life with scenes of rural life, animals, and traditional activities, adding a touch of charm and nostalgia to the celebrations. These beautifully crafted toys symbolise India’s vibrant cultural heritage.

To Conclude,

In recent times, Nirmal toys have experienced a resurgence in popularity due to a renewed interest in traditional crafts. This revival is supported by artisans, cultural organisations, and government initiatives. While traditional Nirmal toys typically depicted mythological figures, animals, and rural life, contemporary versions have evolved to include educational toys and customizable designs. In response to global sustainability concerns, some artisans now use eco-friendly paints and sustainable wood sources. This modern adaptation of Nirmal toys effectively bridges the gap between traditional craftsmanship and innovative design, reflecting a harmonious blend of heritage and contemporary values.

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By Shrushti Patel